Martha Rinaldi Essay

Martha Rinaldi has been an associate item director at driving refreshment organization Potomac Waters since moving on from business college. Rinaldi is disappointed by her associations with her chief and a nearby colleague. Despite the fact that she endeavors to satisfy her chief, she has gotten a negative exhibition assessment for her initial four months. Ought to Rinaldi leave Potomac for a standing bid for employment at an organization she recently interned with or attempt to improve her present circumstance? Martha Rinaldi has been an associate item administrator at driving drink organization Potomac Waters since moving on from business college. Rinaldi is disappointed by her associations with her chief and a nearby collaborator. Despite the fact that she endeavors to satisfy her supervisor, she has gotten a negative exhibition assessment for her initial four months. Ought to Rinaldi leave Potomac for a standing bid for employment at an organization she recently interned with or attempt to improve her present circumstance? 30,000 Term Papers To Choose From.. Discover Academic, Research, College, and University Term Papers Quest Our Catalog For A Term Paper, Book Report, Case Study or Essay. We Provide Custom Research, Term Paper Writing, Pre-composed Reports and Editing†¦ â€Å"$name† TERM PAPERS Scholastic Term Papers Catalog MARTHA RINALDI: SHOULD SHE STAY OR SHOULD SHE GO? HARVARD BUSINESS BRIEF CASE 4310 SOLUTION. 19150. MARTHA RINALDI: SHOULD SHE STAY OR SHOULD SHE GO? HARVARD BUSINESS BRIEF CASE 4310 SOLUTION. This paper gives a Berkeley Research analysisâ and case answer for a Harvard Business authoritative conduct contextual analysis by Linda A. Slope and Mark Rennella on the difficulties of building force and validity in a new position. The case centers around the vocation and work dissatisfactions of Martha Rinaldi, an associate item director at a main drink organization. The case investigation incorporates issue recognizable proof, issue examination, appraisal of choices, and proposals. APA Style. 12 pages, 7 references, 7 bibliographic sources. 3,450 words. About Berkeley Research Case Solutions: Berkeley Research has offered definitive case answers for Harvard Business School contextual analyses since 1984. We additionally highlight answers for contextual analyses from other driving alumni business colleges including Stanford, Darden, Wharton and Ivey. Our case arrangements highlight inside and out investigation drawing on proper logical devices including S.W.O.T., P.E.S.T. also, Five Forces examinations, and incorporate auxiliary references from academic diaries and driving business periodicals. We don't offer understudy composed articles; the entirety of our case arrangements are expertly composed by MBA and DBA â€degreed journalists with demonstrated inclination and long involvement with composing keen case arrangements. Not at all like other case arrangements made accessible on the Internet without capable assessment of their benefits, Berkeley Research case arrangements are peer explored by a board of case examiners before being offered on our site. The most grounded and most satisfying support of the nature of our case arrangements originates from our clients: more than 66% of our contextual investigation deals are made to rehash clients, graduate understudies and administrators joined up with probably the most recognized and specific alumni business projects, and who essentially set a high bar for systematic thoroughness and interpretive clearness. The Berkeley Research contextual analysis arrangement is a top notch item expected for a perceiving crowd. Labels: Harv ard business case arrangement, peace promotion, relational relations, individual technique, ability the board, correspondence, force and impact, authority, vocation improvement, manager subordinate relations RELATED PAPERS Kay Sunderland, Making the Grade at Attain Learning Harvard Case Solution Jamie Turner at MLI Harvard Case Solution Authority and Team Development Research Paper Thomas Green: Power, Office Politics and a Career in Crisis Harvard Business Case Solution Terracog Global Positioning Systems: Conflict and Communication on Project Aerial Harvard Case Solution Bounce Knowlton Case Study Solution

Doing the Right Thing in Hamlet :: The Tragedy of Hamlet Essays

Doing the Right Thing in Hamlet   â â When an individual has gone in a specific direction, who is to decide if that activity taken was correct or wrong? Also, what premise should the individual condemning use to choose whether that activity was correct or wrong? Should the individual condemning think about the other person's motivation or aim in making the move, or would it be a good idea for him to consider the subsequent results of the other person's activities? On the off chance that the individual condemning were to decide to do the first of these two other options, he would be taking a deontological position, when contrasted with the later which depicts the consequentialist see. As Stephen J. Freeman clarifies, consequentialism is the conviction that activities or potentially leads are directly as long as they produce the most good ramifications for those influenced by the activities or rules (Freeman 63). Consequentialists see the ethical quality of an outcome in two viewpoints. One perspective is what is called moral selfishness. Moral pride is the possibility that profound quality is characterized as acting to one's greatest advantage and so as to amplify the results of good over awful (Freeman 49). As opposed to moral selfishness is utilitarianism. Utilitarianists see ethical quality as when an activity advances the best equalization of good over terrible for all individuals. Utilitarianism is a teleological, objective coordinated hypothesis underscoring bliss as the final product of human activity (Freeman 49). In Freeman's book on morals, he talks about Holmes' proposition of two sorts of teleological moral hypotheses that apply to these two contrasting consequentialist sees. Holmes' proposition is that of small scale and large scale morals. Smaller scale morals respects the joy of the person as the most noteworthy great and characterizes what is directly as the activity that amplifies that end. By definition, miniaturized scale morals is fundamentally the same as the conviction of moral vanity. Then again, full scale morals sees joy as the prosperity of a gathering in general and characterizes what is directly as the activity that expands that end. As utilized here, a gathering can be those individuals of a particular city, state, country, or race, and a specific gathering has more prominent significance than a specific individual or subgroup inside it, since its great surpasses the total of any of its parts (Freeman 49). Those on the side of full scale morals would legitimize the penance of an individual or part inside the gathering, as long as it achieves valuable ramifications for the gathering in general.

Providing quality healthcare

Giving quality medicinal services Medicinal services Quality 1.0 Background To The Study The Client enters the medicinal services conveyance administration with requirements, concerns and desires, requiring different mediations. Recognizing and giving suitable consideration to address these issues in a financially savvy route without bargaining the standard of care is one of the difficulties confronting social insurance suppliers today. Different difficulties confronting them incorporate consumer’s requests, proficient interest for greatness, significant expense of human services and segment shifts. So as to give quality consideration that meets the client’s need and increment his fulfillment the client’s sees must be regarded and his inclinations contemplated. Studies to distinguish clients’ inclinations have indicated that giving physical solace satisfactory and opportune data, facilitated and coordinated consideration, enthusiastic help, regard for clients’ qualities and rights are ground-breaking indicators of customer fulfillment (Gerteis, 1993; Potter and Perry, 2001). Different investigations likewise demonstrated that independent of social foundation and convictions, providers’ conduct qualities, for example, indicating regard, affableness, arrangement of protection and decrease in clients’ holding up time impact clients’ fulfillment with care (Population Report, 1998). Customers happy with the consideration they got have been found to offer praises, follow directions, keep facility arrangements and prescribe the emergency clinic to loved ones (Larson and Ferketich, 1993; Kotler and Armatrong, 1997, interestingly, those not fulfilled have been found to gripe, take legitimate activities, change suppliers or even leave the customary social insurance administrations for integral treatments or substitute medication (Luthert, 1990; World Bank Report, 2000; Jegede, 2001). These exercises have influenced the medicinal services conveyance framework. As of late, a few changes have likewise risen. This remembers a change for the generalized picture of the patients. Truly the patient had been seen as an inactive beneficiary of human services in a paternalistic relationship with the parental figure. This is not true anymore, as today the customer is an all around educated shopper with a solid arranging intensity of decision, which he uses to further his potential benefit (Melville, 1997, Alagba 2001). This position was fortified by the Consumers’ Bill of Rights of 1965 and the Patients’ Bill of Rights of 1975 (smelther and Bare, 2000, Alagba, 2001). The Bills underlined Client fulfillment with administrations gave all the more so as fulfillment has been acknowledged as a significant marker of value care. Moreover, as buyer of the administrations the customer is in the best situation to state if an assistance has addressed his needs or not. The client’s view of care is in this way of fundamental significance to any supplier. Be that as it may, disregarding all these, medicinal services workers’ care alone might be lacking to meet all the client’s needs. Customer focused consideration necessitated that social insurance conveyance framework give customer inviting emergency clinic arrangements, satisfactory number of experts, sheltered and clean condition, fitting supplies and useful research centers. These offices gave at reasonable costs are important to supplement medicinal services workers’ endeavors and assurance client’s fulfillment. Sadly the significant obstruction to the accomplishment of this objective is the significant expense of social insurance administrations, for instance, Stanhope and Lancaster (1996), Potter and Perry (2001) announced that there was an incredible climb in medicinal services conveyance framework in United States of America. At that point the medicinal services costs swelling was said to have been higher and quicker than the buyer cost file between 1950 †1980, and in 1993 it was said to have expanded twice over the national expansion list. This hyper swelling, Stanhope and Lancaster (1996) further expressed prompted consumers’ clamor and extraordinary requests for practical social insurance administrations. Section Two Writing Review Idea of Satisfaction A few creators have characterized the word fulfillment severally, for instance Webster’s word reference characterizes fulfillment as â€Å"the satisfaction of a need or request and the achievement of an ideal end†. The Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary characterizes it as â€Å"the sentiment of satisfaction felt when one has or accomplishes what one needs or desires†. Fulfillment can likewise be just characterized as a feeling of satisfaction radiating from apparent necessities met. These definitions propose the requirement for needs distinguishing proof and objective setting before fulfillment can be achieved. It would likewise give the idea that fulfillment is abstract with just the individual authenticating his/her fulfillment. In today’s supplier customer relationship the onus lies on the suppliers to endeavor at customer fulfillment. Studies to recognize the predecessors of customer fulfillment have demonstrated that customer fulfillment is one of the aftereffects of the arrangements of good quality help; thusly it has become a significant quality pointer (Filani, 2001; Vuori, 1987). The need to give quality consideration depends on a few components including the rule of value. Customers and buyers who pay for administrations are qualified for an incentive for cash paid. Fulfillment is likewise found to rely upon client’s desires. Every individual has a desire for the result of a communication, a relationship or a trade. Positive result causes customer fulfillment. This view is all around verbalized by Kotler and Armstrong (1997) who expressed that â€Å"when a client’s desires are not met, the customer is disappointed, when it is met the customer is fulfilled and when it is surpassed, the customer is enchanted, and continues coming back†. Thus specialist organizations ought to evaluate clients’ desire at the beginning of a relationship so as to intentionally plan to fulfill the customer. At times customers may not make certain of what's in store, it gets vital for specialist co-ops to build up a desire for good quality in the customer with the goal that they can demand it. In any case the customer might be happy with moderately poor administrations (Shyer and Hossan, 1998). This isn't in light of a legitimate concern for the customer or the specialist co-ops. Along these lines advising the customer and educating general society on what comprises proper consideration or administration ought to be viewed as endeavors to create and continue customer fulfillment. This is particularly significant in the light of current changes in the human services conveyance framework. As of late, certain powers have occasioned changes in the human services conveyance framework; these powers incorporate populace socioeconomics, for example, expanding number of the maturing populace, social assorted variety, changing examples of illness, innovation, monetary changes and clients’ interest for quality consideration (Smeltzer and Bare, 2000). These powers requested that care suppliers created inventive approaches to address clients’ issues and increment clients’ fulfillment. Today medicinal services is seen as an item to be bought and patients until now observed as uninvolved beneficiaries of human services have transformed into enabled purchasers. As buyers the customers order the consideration of suppliers and social insurance supervisors who have an obligation to guarantee their fulfillment. This view was upheld by the British Government when managing the National Health Service (NHS) failure to adapt to issues expanding request on it by the maturing populace, the progressions in clinical innovation and the rising desires for social insurance clients (Melville 1997). Additionally like purchasers it has been noticed that medicinal services customers are getting progressively connected with rights, force and strengthening. Their current status empowers them to assume responsibility for their conditions and accomplish their own objectives. Adams (1990) saw that it additionally empowers them to move in the direction of the amplification of the nature of their lives. Utilizing their capacity, customers interest for good quality social insurance: their interest is upheld by the World Health Organization, Alma Ata assertion of 1978, and the constitution of the World Health Organization (1966). The last mentioned, expressed that, â€Å"good wellbeing is a privilege of all people†. This is deciphered to mean a privilege to accessibility, availability and reasonableness of good quality human services. It follows that social insurance ought to be given in a manner that is adequate and agreeable to the purchaser, who likewise has the intensity of decision. Written works proliferate on the clients’ intensity of decision (Rogers, 1993, Melville 1997). Be that as it may, do the trick it to take note of that the customer as a shopper utilizes this capacity to choose among options and picks what gives him/her best fulfillment. This reality was additionally noted by Alagbe (2001), who refering to the Law of negligible utility expressed that â€Å"Consumers are reasonable and be able to quantify the utility or fulfillment they get from every item expended, and given an all out judiciousness purchasers choose a mix of products and ventures that will amplify their satisfaction†. This burdens the way that buyers pick what will give them greatest fulfillment. The intensity of decision has various advantages for customers, including the way that the customer is regularly counseled by the supplier or maker (Melville 1997). This likewise makes a relationship of association as opposed to the paternalistic one that had described the human services conveyance framework. The objective before all medicinal services suppliers is to create and keep up a customer focused help so as to offer quality assistance and guarantee customer fulfillment, all the more so as customers are getting increasingly learned and wellbeing cognizant (Smeltzer and Bare 2000). Their advantage was animated and supported by the TV, web, papers and magazines other correspondence media and by political discussions. Their expanding interest for quality consideration dependent on th

Dune Precis essays

Ridge Precis articles Ridge is a fantastic novel for sci-fi darlings. Paul, the child of Duke Leto of House Atreides, has been carrying on with an existence of arrangement, however he doesn't have the foggiest idea why he has been preparing. Arrakis is a desert planet helpful to the domain for just a single thing: the zest. The zest is a noteworthy substance that has properties that can be utilized for all intents and purposes anything. Paul doesn't have the foggiest idea why his dad has decided to manage over Arrakis or why he keeps on preparing, yet after a progression of shocking occasions, Paul discovers that he is the seed for the hotly anticipated Kwisatz Haderach. The Kwisatz Haderach is a male Bene Gesserit. The Bene Gesserit is a gathering of ladies who an incompletely visionary and can control minds. The Kwisatz Haderach is known to have natural mental forces that can connect reality. Paul understands that his hereditary cosmetics is the root for the Kwisatz Haderach. So as to endure, Paul must rule Arrakis. The Fremen, the local desert-occupants of Arrakis, offer their guide to Paul since they accept that the Prophecy has come. The Fremen accept that Paul is the guaranteed savior and that he will free them. The snags that lay in front of him are simply the contradicting House Harkonnens and the Emperor himself. Paul utilizes his recently gained partner and his psychological forces to outsmart the contradicting Harkonnens. After a progression of water spilling (water is a shortage of Arrakis and blood is viewed as significant for its water content) fights, Paul wins control of Arrakis and now faces the Sardaukar, the first class powers of the Emperor. ... <!

Information Sysems Free Essays

Utilization of Video Conferencing to increase upper hand in New Bank New bank can utilize video innovation to associate clients with the correct specialists in a limited capacity to focus time to offer speedy and customized assistance on-request. Most banks overall are in an incipient phase of utilizing video to carry on different organizations with their clients remotely; thus New Bank can exploit this. Through video-empowered web conferencing or branch office video conferencing the bank can direct high hazard, exceptional yield organizations of talking about buy and sell of stock, selling contracts, organizing speculation portfolios and prompting on credits. We will compose a custom paper test on Data Sysems or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now Preferences of embracing video conferencing in New Bank (Drivers) * Optimization of the cost/lemon proportion Cost salary proportion is the standard benchmark of bank productivity. At times, bank accounting reports and cost salary/proportion are in an unfortunate state to such an extent that diminishing expense while expanding incomes gets basic. In such manner, video banking will help in diminishing cost/pay by diminishing branch banking headcount and improving incomes viably. * Integration of unique business forms Video innovation clears approach to incorporate the divergent procedures in the endeavor ND bring cooperative energies between business groups across geologies. Ongoing remote access Video conferencing empowers continuous access to master financiers found remotely. This at that point improves the nature of official cooperations. * Value to clients Video innovation executed in retail branches can give high esteem item data to clients. This reductions turnaround times for c onclusion of client questions. * Enhancement of branch banking collaborations Video conferencing permits extension of video across branch systems helps data spread and strategically pitching. Visual Connect Video conferencing is utilized to associate clients with item specialists when selling higher edge items. This at that point permits riches the board specialists to keep in touch with customers spread over the branch arrange. Instances of genuine situations of video conferencing * Video teller innovation in retail banking This is perfect where money related associations look to offer customized value-based administrations to clients all the more deftly and its advantage is that, it streamlines branch assets by concentrating on higher worth, non value-based warning work and allows an eider scope of administrations at branches and clean areas. Web based life Innovation This is perfect to help a virtual branch online to help enquiries with respect to guidance on contracts, outside trade and setting up installments. The value of this is it helps in offering customized types of assistance to the client and improving client relationship. 2. Utilization of mechanized call habitats in New Bank to catch serious powers New Bank can embrace computerized call focuses as a meaner for reducing expense s and improving exchanges from high touch, significant expense, customary branch banking channel. This at that point permits branch representatives to focus on income creating exercises. Extra advantages for utilizing mechanized call places include: * The creation off extensive perspective on each customer’s profile to get their requirements. * The normalization of the business procedure to expand the utilization of client data in deals. * The redesigning of the personnel’s aptitudes so they can fulfill the client by offering the correct items and administrations. This permits the acknowledgment of profitable staff with the office to screen administrator profitability. The most effective method to refer to Information Sysems, Papers

Pros and Cons of Massive Open Online Courses

Advantages and disadvantages of Massive Open Online Courses Post-auxiliary schools of various sorts costly, tip top universities, state colleges, and junior colleges are playing with the possibility of MOOCs, enormous open online courses, where a huge number of understudies can take a similar class all the while. Is this the fate of school? Nathan Heller expounded on the marvel in the May 20, 2013, issue of The New Yorker in Laptop U. I suggest you discover a duplicate or buy in online for the full article, yet Ill offer with you here what I gathered as the upsides and downsides of MOOCs from Hellers article. What Is a MOOC? The short answer is that a MOOC is an online video of a school address. The M represents huge in light of the fact that there is no restriction to the quantity of understudies who can select from anyplace on the planet. Anant Agarwal is an educator of electrical designing and software engineering at MIT, and leader of edX, a non-benefit MOOC organization claimed mutually MIT and Harvard. In 2011, he propelled a trailblazer called MITx (Open Courseware), planning to get multiple times the typical number of study hall understudies in his spring-semester circuits-and-gadgets course, around 1,500. In the initial scarcely any long stretches of posting the course, he told Heller, he had 10,000 understudies join from everywhere throughout the world. A definitive enlistment was 150,000. Huge. The Pros MOOCs are questionable. Some state they are the eventual fate of advanced education. Others consider them to be the inevitable ruin of it. Here are the masters Heller found in his exploration. MOOCs: Are free. At the present time, most MOOCs are free or about free, an unmistakable in addition to for the understudy. This is probably going to change as colleges search for approaches to settle the significant expense of making MOOCs.Provide an answer for congestion. As indicated by Heller, 85% of Californias junior colleges have course holding up records. A bill in the California Senate tries to require the state’s open schools to give kudos for endorsed online courses.Force teachers to improve addresses. Since the best MOOCs are short, normally an hour and no more, tending to a solitary point, educators are compelled to look at all of material just as their instructing methods.Create a unique document. That is the thing that Gregory Nagy, teacher of old style Greek writing at Harvard, calls it. On-screen characters, artists, and standup humorists record their best exhibitions for communicate and family, Heller composes; why shouldnt school educators do likewise? He refers to Vladimir Nabokov as once proposing that his exercises at Cornell be recorded and played each term, liberating him for different exercises. Are intended to guarantee that understudies keep up. MOOCs are genuine school courses, total with tests and grades. They are loaded up with various decision questions and conversations that test understanding. Nagy considers these to be as nearly comparable to expositions in light of the fact that, as Heller composes, the web based testing system clarifies the correct reaction when understudies miss an answer, and it lets them see the thinking behind the right decision when theyre right.The internet testing process helped Nagy update his homeroom course. He told Heller, Our aspiration is really to make the Harvard experience now nearer to the MOOC experience.Bring individuals together from everywhere throughout the world. Heller cites Drew Gilpin Faust, Harvard president, with respect to her contemplations on another MOOC, Science Cooking, that shows science and material science in the kitchen, I simply have the vision in my brain of individuals cooking everywhere throughout the glob e together. It’s sort of nice.Allow instructors to benefit as much as possible from homeroom time in mixed classes. In what is known as a flipped homeroom, instructors send understudies home with assignments to tune in to or watch a recorded talk, or read it, and come back to the study hall for increasingly significant conversation time or other intuitive learning. Offer intriguing business openings. A few new MOOC organizations propelled in 2012: edX by Harvard and MIT; Coursera, a Standford organization; and Udacity, which centers around science and tech. The Cons The contention encompassing MOOCs incorporates some truly solid worries about how they will shape the eventual fate of advanced education. Here are a portion of the cons from Hellers look into. MOOCs: Could make educators become simply celebrated instructing partners. Heller composes that Michael J. Sandel, a Harvard equity educator, wrote in a letter of dissent, The idea of precisely the same social equity course being instructed in different way of thinking divisions the nation over is out and out scary.Make conversation a test. It’s difficult to encourage important discussion in a study hall with 150,000 understudies. There are electronic other options: message sheets, gatherings, visit rooms, and so on., however the closeness of up close and personal correspondence is lost, feelings regularly misconstrued. This is a specific test for humanities courses. Heller composes, When three incredible researchers show a sonnet in three different ways, it isnt wastefulness. It is the reason on which all humanistic request is based.Grading papers is incomprehensible. Indeed, even with the assistance of graduate understudies, reviewing a huge number of expositions or research papers is overwhelming, most definitely. Heller reports that edX is creating programming to review papers, programming that gives understudies quick criticism, permitting them to make updates. Harvards Faust isnt totally ready. Heller cites her as saying, I might suspect they are sick prepared to think about incongruity, class, and†¦I don’t know how you get a PC to choose if there’s something there it hasn’t been modified to see. Make it simpler for understudies to drop out. Heller reports that when MOOCs are carefully on the web, not a mixed involvement in some study hall time, dropout rates are regularly more than 90%.Intellectual property and monetary subtleties are issues. Who claims an online course when the educator who makes it moves to another college? Who gets paid for instructing or potentially making on the web courses? These are issues that MOOC organizations should turn out in the forthcoming years.Miss the enchantment. Subside J. Burgard is a teacher of German at Harvard. He has chosen not to take an interest in online courses since he accepts the school experience originates from sitting in ideally little gatherings having certifiable human associations, truly delving into and investigating a knotty subject a troublesome picture, an intriguing book, whatever. That is energizing. There’s a science to it that essentially can't be recreated online.Will recoil resources, in the long run disp ensing with them. Heller composes that Burgard sees MOOCs as destroyers of conventional advanced education. Who needs educators when a school can employ an extra to deal with a MOOC class? Less teachers will mean less Ph.D.s without a doubt, littler alumni programs, less fields, and subfields educated, the inevitable demise of whole collections of information. David W. Wills, teacher of strict history at Amherst, concurs with Burgard. Heller composes that Wills stresses over scholarly community falling under various leveled thrall to a couple of star educators. He cites Wills, Its like advanced education has found the megachurch. MOOCs will most certainly be the wellspring of numerous discussions and discussions sooner rather than later. Watch for related articles just around the corner.

A development of Uber - Free Essay Example

The ridesharing phenonium Uber, has grown faster than any comparable startup. Unfortunately, this incredible growth has been overshadowed by a series of scandals. Sexual harassment cases, stealing intellectual property, evading authorities are a few prime examples of the issues arising at Uber. Many of these scandals seem to be related to the leadership of its founder and the culture he represented and instilled throughout the company. The initial reactions to Ubers shortcomings was that its culture was greatly flawed and a change in that culture was needed as soon as possible. Ubers success is directly related to its culture; neither can be examined independently of the other. Leadership is defined as the use of power or influence to direct a group towards obtaining a specific goal (Colquitt). The end goal is to gain large profits and be a successful company, but at what cost? Previous Uber CEO, Travis Kalanick, had questionable methods and ideologies. His leadership style has been under major scrutiny for quite some time. Especially after a video of him was released arguing with an Uber driver. He has also publicly stated dehumanizing comments about women, igniting even more fuel to the fire. Kalanick also had a hard time claiming responsibility if one his drivers placed a customer is harms way. He would act as if these life threatening incidents were not even real. These are just a few examples to exemplify the personality of the CEO of a major tech company. All of these examples show strong traits of a tyrant and less of an exemplary leader. Kalanick used his power as CEO to control his workers and to just brush things under the rug. Power can be seen a s the ability to resist the influence attempts of others, which is exactly what Kalanick was doing (Colquitt). It should not to be a surprise as to why Ubers leadership and culture have been struggling. Leadership starts at the top and trickles down. If the top executives are not behaving accordingly, then how can they expect their lower level employees to do act like noble citizens. The historical development of Uber needs to be considered in looking at strategic planning. Companies do not spring out of nowhere; they spring out of founders and leaders who have a set of values and a way of doing things. Uber is a ride sharing platform that allows riders to use their smartphones to find drivers to get them to their destinations, all it takes is a click of a button. Ubers culture sprang from the tech start up bubble of 2009-10. Its culture was personified by its founder Travis Kalanick. He drove his strategies which resulted in Uber taking steps forward in its quest for world domination. Uber went from a zero valuation at its founding in 2009-10 to a valuation in the billions in a few short years. Kalanick was once hailed as an inspirational leader in Silicon Valley. He was the genius mind behind possibly one of the fastest growing startups in history. His hyper localized strategy was innovative and upended the transportation industry. In 2013, Fortune magazine described him as Silicon Valleys rebel-hero, characterizing his leadership as confident, cocky, disruptive – and effective. He was cited as the primary source for Ubers success, back in 2013. Uber had grown to 42 cities in 18 countries with a valuation of $3.4 billion (Hempel, 2013). Unfortunately, by 2015 Ubers culture was being denounced all of the world. Silicon Valley investor Peter Thiel called Uber, the most ethically challenged company in Silicon Valley. Travis Kalanick was described as ruthless and predatory. His leadership strategy was described as invasive and abusive (Chafkin, 2015) Even with Ubers valuation swollen to $70 billion, Ubers investors demanded Kalanick resign as the companys CEO after the constant broadcast of public scandals. Uber became a prime example of Silicon Valley start-up culture gone wrong. While Uber had a valuation of $70 billion in 2017, this valuation was subjective and not market driven. Uber was, and is as of this article, privately held. The big money for the investors is in the planned Initial Public Offering (IPO). The criticism of Kalanicks leadership, strategy and culture threatened this public offering. Further, at least one prominent expert opined that the potential expenses associated with operating in the evolving regulatory market for ride hailing mandated a valuation of less than half of the $70 million (Verhage, 2016). This lower valuation is directly related to the independent contractor versus employee problem faced by the entire gig economy and Uber in particular, discussed in detail below. Incoming CEO Dara Khosroshahi, formerly of Expedia, pledged to maintain the aggressiveness of Uber but vowed to change its toxic culture. This company has to change. What got us here is not whats going to get us to the next level (Cava, 2017). The company has sin ce embarked on a process to change its culture and at the same time, vowed to go public within 18 to 36 months from August of 2017 (Cava, 2017). Uber is part of the gig economy, the booming trend of hiring independent contractors and short-term workers who supply their own tools or products for customers as opposed to hiring employees and supplying them with tools, products and/or a place to work. Like Airbnb does not own its own bed and breakfast properties, Uber does not own a fleet of vehicles. Uber drivers provide their own vehicles and are independent contractors. Brad Smith, the CEO of Intuit, the owner of TurboTax, in May of 2017 estimated that the gig economy represents about 34% of the workplace and is expected to be 43% by the year 2020. According to Intuit, there were about 4 million classic gig workers in the spring of 2017, which was expected to grow to 7.7 million by 2020 (Gillespie, 2017). Uber is a leader in this gig economy. According to Uber it has had 75 million riders and 3 million drivers through 2017. Its drivers have completed 4 billion trips. Uber exists in 78 countries and over 600 cities worldwide and it completes 15 million trips each day. While it has millions of independent contractor drivers, it also has 15,000 employees as of 2017. These employees are not drivers; they do every other task required, but do not provide Ubers essential service (Uber, 2018). Because the workers delivering Ubers core service are independent contractors, Uber maintains tremendous flexibility and saves an incredible amount of money associated with hiring employees. The independent contractor classification limits these workers access to traditional employment benefits such as minimum wage and overtime pay, protection against discrimination, workplace safety regulations, payroll tax contributions, unemployment insurance, social security, disability insurance, Medicare, workers compensation insurance, health insurance, and retirement savings plans (Atmore, 2017). The expenses of providing these benefits are incurred by the drivers and not the company. The company also has tremendous flexibility in moving people in and out of the company. Significantly, they also do not have to provide their workers with a place to work or tools (in Ubers case, vehicles) (Atmore, 2017). The legal basis for this classification in the case of Uber is tenuous and hotly litigated: Gig companies often declare their workers to be independent contractors due to their high level of flexibility and autonomy over their work, while gig workers, desiring the rights and benefits of employment, seek to be classified as employees. In asserting their respective positions, both sides of the debate rely on the central factors in existing classification tests: control and independence. (Atmore, 2017) For example, Uber drivers in recent litigation have argued that Uber has control over them because of Ubers detailed requirements which include rules regarding their conduct with customers, the cleanliness of their vehicles, their timeliness in picking up customers and taking them to their destination, what they are allowed to say to customers, etc (OConnor v. Uber Technologies). Failure to follow these rules leads to termination. Ubers defense in this case is instructive as in understanding exactly how Uber sees itself: Uber defended its classification of drivers as independent contractors by reasoning that Uber is not an employer of drivers but simply provides a platform that facilitates an independent business arrangement between driver and customer. Consequently, Uber denied having meaningful control over drivers time, place, and manner of work.

Discussing Sexual Harassment In The Work Place - 550 Words

Discussing Sexual Harassment In The Work Place Using A Given Case (Case Study Sample) Content: Sexual harassmentName,Professors name,Course title,DateIntroductionSexual harassment at the workplace by employees is one of the indiscipline greatly faced by organization management especially the human resource manager. Sexual harassment can normally be explained as a form of discrimination based on the gender including unwanted behavior, conduct regarding sexual harassment or comments. It is essential for the human resource manager to handle search harassment appropriately, and an HR manager, I would handle a conversation with a lady who has been sexually harassed as follows.Harassed lady name: KarenMale co-worker name: JoelKaren: Hi, my name is Karen from the department of information technology. I would request to report that a male co-worker known as Joel is making me and my operations at work very uncomfortable due to his actions.Me: Hello Karen, a pleasure to meet you. It greatly concerns me that you are facing difficulties caused by another worker. Please exp ress to me, what has Joel done to make your work operations difficult?Karen: Joel keeps requesting me to go out for dinner after work. He has probably several days requested, and I have kept resisting continuously, but he has declined to accept my resistance.Me: Joel's actions are unacceptable, and he will get a caution preventing him to sexually harass you. I greatly thank you for your harassment report; the organization has no room to stand search abusive behavior. We will make sure that this does not happen again through appropriate action.Karen: I thank you for your concern based on resolving my case.To a...

The Treaty Of The Cold War - 976 Words

The Cold War was a unique war, nothing like the wars that had come before. It did not have a clear start, no real first battle to start the hostilities. It could be said that the Warsaw upraising in 1944 was the beginning, though what that symbolized was coming went unnoticed by the United States. It was not until two years later in 1946 that the United States finally realized that they had walked out of the fire World War II and into the frying pan of a new war (International). That kind of subtle development was common in the Cold War and continued until it s resolution in 1990. There was no clear aggressor, it was a mutual war over ideologies, a nature clash between communism and and capitalist democracy. No one wanted things to dissolve into military conflict so it was fought primarily with policy (International, Gale). The question of avoidance is always present and especially with the Cold War. Answered simply, yes, if the United States or the Soviet Union had taken either more peaceful or more aggressive actions it could have led to a peaceful resolution or mutual destruction instead. Remnants of the Cold War can be found wide and far, from the complete destruction of historic Japanese society to nuclear waste and the death and illness that accompanies it in Kazakhstan (The Cold War in Asia, Werner). The Cold War, mutually started by the U.S. and the Soviet Union, could have been avoided but may have been the best option despite the severely negative legacy in leftShow MoreRelatedThe Treaty Of The Cold War1520 Words   |  7 PagesThe Cold War was one of the longest, cease fire wars in United States history. It contained many events for many countries, and had many positives, but also quite a few negatives. Although there was plenty of peacefulness in the war, many lives were still lost. Also, many countries were involved, and it is considered to be the unrecognized World War III by some. While researching, I hope to discover at what event did Russia d ecide to unite with China and parts of Germany to try and overtake FranceRead MoreThe Treaty Of The Cold War1294 Words   |  6 PagesThe cold war was a period of struggle and conflict between the superpower the USA and the USSR between the end of WW2 in 1945-1991. Both the superpower saw a threat form each other to its continue of survival and adopted strategies to preserve their position. The superpower divided Europe into two: Eastern Europe which is leaded by the communist USSR, while there was democratic which is leaded by the USA in the Western Europe. Both the USA and USSR (Soviet Union) have several countries as theirRead MoreThe United Nations And The Treaty Of The Cold War2041 Words   |  9 PagesAbstract The United Nations was formed upon the agreement with the sovereign nations and its frontiers conceded with the Charter. After the end of the cold war, there has been a burden on the United Nations about solving different problems of diverse nature as well as of diverse geographies. UN has been making efforts to challenge those problems through the use of reforms. There are some of the activities which are imperative to be implemented but still due to some constraints have not been. SomeRead MoreThe European Union And The Treaty Of Western And Eastern European Countries Since The End Of The Cold War1315 Words   |  6 Pagesthe union. Massive celebrations were held in Romania and Bulgaria to mark this accession. This historic event also marked the fifth enlargement of the EU and the peaceful reunification of Western and Eastern European countries since the end of the Cold War. The path to membership was long and sometimes challenging but in the end these two countries arrived to th e road of Europe and the future. Romania has been searching integration since the times of Nicolae Ceausescu (and even before). HistoricalRead MoreRealism And The Cold War843 Words   |  4 Pagesrealism, the question being asked is does it do a good job of explaining the end of the Cold War? Everyone can have their own answers and reasonings behind why they think it does or doesn t explain it well enough. Realists view the Cold War as an attempt to keep the balance of power between the states and inside the states themselves. Neither states were able to dominant over everything or declare all out war against each other, therefore both the United States and the USSR would dominate internationalRead MoreNuclear War1088 Words   |  5 Pagesbeginning toward the management of nuclear weapons.. Annotated Bibliography Cold War. Gale Student Resources in Context, Gale, 2017. Student Resources in Context, link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/YNKKJO509087257/SUIC?u=j079907999xid=32b94e98. Accessed 18 Oct. 2017. This showed me background of the cold war . It also told me what the use and the soviet union disliked about each other and what led to the Space race The Cold War ended as a result of internal factors such as Gorbachevs reforms, the weakRead MoreGlobal Effects Of The Cold War1311 Words   |  6 PagesAmanda Fuchs The Global Effects of the Cold War and Decolonization The Cold War, also known as what could have been the third world war, conquered the second half of the 20th century. This international crisis, beginning at the end of World War II, is defined as the period of tension between the United States and the Soviet Union. There are numerous reasons as to why many believed the Cold War commenced, one being that the Soviet Union wanted to spread its belief of communism worldwide, which inRead MoreThe Significance of the Cuban Missile Crisis Essay1686 Words   |  7 Pagesend to civilization† (â€Å"Nuclear Test Ban Treaty† 1). the Cuban Missile Crisis was a time where these two men, Kennedy and Khrushchev, had the power in their hands to end civilization. In order to understand the importance of the Cuban Missile Crisis one must understand, the Cold war drama; the dangerous crisis; and its importance today. In order to understand the importance of the Cuban Missile Crisis in American history one must first understand the Cold War drama, Castro’s rise to power, and theRead MoreWhat Was And Is The Arms Race?1329 Words   |  6 PagesRace? The arms race was throughout the cold war, which lasted about 45 years. During this time, The United States of America (USA) and The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) were both creating and stockpiling military weapons to use against each other. The belief was â€Å"the more nuclear weapons you had, the more powerful you were†. This lead to the development of many extremely dangerous bombs and weapons, which could destroy life on earth. The Cold War was established on the fact that neitherRead MoreEssay about Nuclear Power and the Cold War1094 Words   |  5 PagesThe Cold War is famous not only for its long engagement between the two super powers, the U.S. and the Soviet Union, but also because of the heightened physical tension that nuclear power brought to the global stage. Winning the war at the cost of human annihilation was not abnormal political conversation, and from the 1940s onward, fear of global destruction became a daily concern (Granieri, 2011). The cir cumstances of the Cold War made it different than previous international conflicts because

Foreigners Changing China 1850-1980 Free Essay Example, 1500 words

This argument is compelling, but it should be firmly stated that it should not downplay race and eliminate it as a factor to be considered alongside British imperialism in Asia. To focus entirely on economics regarding the imperialist question would be paramount to focusing entirely on race. In thinking about imperialism in Asia, one cannot ignore the ideology of the imperialist oppressor, whose racist behavior was predicated by their belief in their own cultural superiority. To say that there was nothing racist about the Opium Wars is to deny the essentiality of reality. Some say that the second Opium War, which ultimately resulted in the defeat of the Chinese military by a much smaller foreign force, sowed the seeds of discord in China to the extent that imperialism became the main force. â€Å"The defeat of its military by a much smaller Western army showed the weakness of the Qing Dynasty and began a new age of imperialism in China. Domestically, this, coupled with the flight of the emperor and the burning of the Old Summer Palace, greatly damaged the Qings prestige leading many within China to begin questioning the governments effectiveness† (China, 2010). We will write a custom essay sample on Foreigners Changing China 1850-1980 or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now This shows continuing advocacy in the society in the present, and a supposed alignment on these issues between the state and society which are highlighted in Chinese propaganda to this day, which features themes of anti-imperialism and still rails against the evils of opium addiction. Politics are also impacted, as mentioned above, by imperialism in Chinese civil society. In this system, when the British colonialist power ostensibly leaves, often the very same rules are left behind to be picked up by newer nationalist movements in places like China, especially with the weakened Qing emperor. The arrested development of the sovereign Asian nation soon becomes replaced by an imperialist-placed society in which the European colonizer seeks to mirror its home institutions in the new land, ignoring those of the defeated nation. This is then replaced by the neo-imperialist nation which seeks again to mirror the European colonizer (in this case England) in terms of ostensibly self sufficient economic policy. â€Å"Europeans presented themselves to colonial peoples (as they did to their fellow citizens) as the bearers of science, rationality and progress, and the enemies of religion, superstition and backwardness. The image of imperialism as a progressive project was widely persuasive in its time, not only to the great majority of Europeans, but also to many subjects.

The Jilting Of Granny Weatherall And Arabing Essay

It is something everyone does, continuously, in everything we do; a running dialogue of thoughts always occupying our minds, perceptible to only us. In everyday life, this common train of thoughts is never scrutinized or examined, but in literature, it is something referred to as stream of consciousness and it is what will be surveyed in this essay. The two stories being observed are Katherine Porter’s â€Å"The Jilting of Granny Weatherall†, a short story about an 80-year-old woman’s thoughts and memories as she lives out her last day. The second story is James Joyce’s â€Å"Araby†, the fictional story of a young boy in Dublin and his infatuation with a girl in his neighborhood. This essay will examine stream of consciousness vital role in these†¦show more content†¦576). The character of the boy is described as early pubescent which permits the reader to deduce on what he fully knows regarding life, love, and lust. An unreliable narrator, however, is a narrator that we perceive to be misleading, self-deceptive, deluded or deranged. Porter articulately depicts Granny Weatherall to be most of these in â€Å"The Jilting...† particularly when the reader encounters an interaction between Granny, also referred to as Ellen, and her daughter Cornelia, â€Å"tell Hapsy to take off her cap. I can’t see her plain.† The reader is later made aware of the circumstance that Hapsy, one of Ellen’s children, has died. Once more, half-way through the story, Granny displays how truly jumbled by reality she is when she tells Cornelia that she won’t see the doctor again because â€Å"he’s only been gone three minutes† and her daughter informs Granny and the reader, â€Å"That was this morning, Mother. It’s night now.† (p. 80). These exchanges highlight how much Granny Weatherall is as an untrustworthy narrator. Opposed to â€Å"Araby†, which is told in first person fr om the perspective of the young boy, â€Å"The Jilting†¦Ã¢â‚¬  is disconcertingly told in limited third person by which we can see inside the mind of only Granny Weatherall; as such, when Granny is lucid, the story proceeds in sequential order. Consequently, for stream of consciousness to be operative, the working of the character’s mind should

Evaluation Of The Braden Scale Screening Tool Essay

Educational Needs Patient and Family It is important that patient and family are on the same page with staff are fully aware of the risks of HAPUs and what they can watch for and do to prevent them from acquiring them. The Braden Scale is simple enough that it can be used as is, or modified to help the patient and family best understand what signs and symptoms to be aware of, as well as the risk factors that may be modifiable or addressed early, in order to minimize them as quickly as possible. Staff. The acute care staff will require in-service training and evaluation before they implement the Braden Scale screening tool. It is important that the staff is able to properly identify and understand all of the criteria covered by the Braden Scale. By giving demonstrations and then allowing the staff to teach-back and then demonstrate the use of the Braden Scale screening tool, they will be able to have a greater success rate in properly assessing patients who have a higher risk of a cquiring HAPUs and will be able to intervene in a timely manner before any irreversible damage is done. Continuous Quality Improvement The issue of quality improvement should be addressed with a multi-faceted approach. Once implemented, continuous oversight and monitoring must be conducted by an experienced staff member/case manager who can verify data in the EHR, as well as conduct a daily Braden Score assessment and confer with the staff nurse and physician, as needed. While HAPU/BradenShow MoreRelatedThe Assessment And Care Of A Hypothetical Scenario1323 Words   |  6 Pagesis a 70 year old retired married man who has been admitted to the Medical Ward following a stroke. He presents with various needs both physically and psychologically attributing from the stroke and past history. During the assessment period various tools will be used such as Waterlow, Falls, Must and News, these will all help to formulate a nursing diagnosis and planning of care given. It is important throughout that the care of Mr Smith remains patient centred and this will be discussed and appliedRead MoreE ssay on Validity of Waterlow Scale2971 Words   |  12 Pagespossible. To support pressure ulcer risk assessment several standardized pressure ulcer risk assessment scales have been introduced and their application in clinical practice is recommended (Stechmiller et al., 2008). one of the most common scales used in our hospitals is the Waterlow scale, This scale was designed by Waterlow in 1985, from study in elderly and acute wards (waterlow,1985). The Waterlow Scale assigns believed to predispose patients towards developing pressure ulcers: build/weight, continenceRead MoreThe Assessment Tool For A Qualified Staff Nurse960 Words   |  4 Pagesacross with the Waterlow risk assessment tool. My mentor made sure that I got all the risk assessment tools commonly used in the ward as these will play a key part in my duty as a qualified staff nurse. True enough, this risk assessment tool became visible in every patient’s charts and serial risk assessment was done on a weekly bas is. When I started shadowing with a qualified staff nurse and began caring for patients, performing this skin assessment tool became more prevalent. Every time a new patientRead MoreHolistic Assessment Of An Older Adult Using The Spices Tool Essay1475 Words   |  6 PagesThe purpose of this paper is to perform a holistic assessment of an older adult using the SPICES tool. What is SPICES? The acronym SPICES stands for Sleeping disorder, Problems with eating and feeding, Incontinence, Confusion, Evidence of falls, and Skin breakdown (Fulmer Wallace, 2012). Each area of the tool is important to assess in order to address problems and develop interventions or solutions to the problems and to ultimately provide quality patient care. Sleep is important not only forRead MoreEssay Patient Care Plan 2528 Words   |  11 Pagesinformation a suitable care plan will be written up. Other assessment tools were also used to get a very detailed picture of where the client is at right now. As John’s mobility is very poor a Falls risk assessment scale for the elderly (FRASE) assessment was carried out. (Appendix 3).This is taken on every person when admitted to the St Peters ward. John scored 17 so he is at high risk of falls. According to Kelly and Dowling (2004) this tool, lists risk factors and give them a weighted score. Its main aimRead MoreHistory of Firewall18739 Words   |  75 Pagesarchitectures of the time. This paper was aimed at people considering implementing a ï ¬ rewall, describing the technologies which they might select, their tradeoï ¬â‚¬s, and how to maintain a ï ¬ rewall. One section of the Internet standards document RFC 1636 [Braden et al. 1994] is about the status of ï ¬ rewalls as of February, 1994. In this section, they discuss the problem of false security that a ï ¬ rewall often provides to an organization behind one. They also review the concepts of application- and transport-level

Concept of Purchase Power Parity-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp

Questions: 1.Define Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) theory. Based on PPP, would you expect the price of a new car to be the same in China as it is in Brazil? Provide justifications for your answer. 2.The September 2016 inflation rate for China is 1.9% and for Brazil 8.48%. Based on PPP, what would you expect to happen to the foreign currency? Show your calculations and discuss the expected effect. 3.Collect monthly data on the spot exchange rate between the Australian Dollar and Chinese Yuan from July 2012 to June 2015 from the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA). Plot the data and comment on the factors that influence the exchange rate behaviour (theory and practice) - search for 2 articles in reputable sources to support discussion 4.Compute the forward rate discount or premium for the Brazilian real whose 180 day forward rate is USD3.27 and spot rate is USD3.23. State whether your answer is a discount or premium. 5.Define a currency option, related terms, and pricing factors. 6.How much will Howard pay per option and in total if the MNC wants to hedge the bid with call options? 7.What is the maximum amount necessary to purchase the R$500,000? 8.Would Howard Ltd exercise the call option if the bid is rejected? Explain. Answers: Introduction 1.Purchasing power parity is one of therories of economics which mentions about the rate of exchange among the currencies in different countries is equal to the currencies ratio in respect of the purchasing power. The main concept behind is that when the price of any particular product is at par in both the countries, the currencies of the countries will be in equilibrium with each other (Lothian 2016) PPP is denoted by the formula = S = P1/P2, where P1 denotes cost of basket of products in country 1 and P2 denotes cost of basket of products in country 2 and S is the rate of exchange between the two currency of 2 countries. It is determined based on inflation and the cost of living in the given 2 countries. As per the PPP model, purchase price of a new car in Brazil will be same as it is in China, because the concept of PPP is based one price for all the commodities. Thus if the exchange rate ratio does not alters, the price of the given basket of products will remain same in both the countries. It will also depend on other factors like inflation and interest rates that will affect the price of goods in a particular country. 2.As per the concept of PPP, the rate of inflation is a critical factor that determines the exchange rate ratio. In the given case, the inflation rate for two countries is given. The spot rate for the home currency is 1CNY= 0.48644 BRL. According to the PPP model, the forward rate will be Spot rate (1+Inflation of home currency/ 1+inflation of foreign currency) = 0.5365 Thus, we see that if the inflation of the home currency is more than the inflation of the foreign currency, it will have appositive effect, as there will be an overall increase in value of the home currency. Further, in case the home currencys inflation is lower than the foreign currencys inflation, the overall value of the home currency will decrease. In this way the inflation rates of the countries impacts the overall purchasing capacity of the company (Lin Lee 2016) 3.Post taking into consideration the spot rates of the two given countries namely Australian and Chinese dollar, following are the main factors which impacts these exchange rate- Difference in inflation rates - The inflation rate is one of the major factor which has an impact on the exchange rate amongst different countries. The country, in which there is lower inflation rate will have higher currency value, as the purchasing power of that particular country will increase in comparison to the other countries(Horioka Ford 2017). Difference in rates of interest - All the three rates namely interest rate, inflation rate and exchange rate are related to one other. The central banks in each country influences the rates of interest to exercise pressure over the exchange and inflation rates. If the interest rate is high in particular industry that economy will provide more return to the investor then other economy. This will in turn impact the inflation rates and the exchange rates(Bergin, Glick LinWu 2017) Current-Account Deficits The current account is indicative of the total payment made between the 2 countries in exchange of goods and services bought and sold. In case there is a deficit in the current account balance, it reflects that the economy is not doing well. It reflects that the overall demand for the foreign currency is more then what the company receives through export of goods. This excess demand of the foreign currency will lower the exchange rate of the home currency(Yee Ramirez 2016) Public Debt A large number of countries engages in large amount of foreign borrowings to finance public developments. This large-scale borrowing often affects the balance of trade, which in turn impacts the exchange rate of the given country.(Toulaboe 2017) In the said two countries, we see that the AUD/CNY Exchange Rate is depreciating over the years, that means that one of the currencies is getting strong and one is depreciating, that may be because of the changes in the rate of inflation and the interest rates. The highest was on 29th July 2011 7.567 and the lowest was on 30th September 2015. If the forward rate of any currency is more than the spot rate of that particular currency it reflects that the currency is at forward premium and if the currencys forward rate is less than the currencys spot rate then it is said to be at a discount. In the given case, the forward rate is USD 3.27 and spot rate is USD 3.23, thus the currency is at a forward premium. The main is calculated hereunder- Calculation in annualized percentages of Forward rate Premium or Discount: Premium = (Forward rate - Spot rate) / Spot rate x 12 months N forward rate USD3.27 spot rate USD3.23 N 180 days Premium 0.025111799 4.A currency option is contract in which the buyer has option to buy or sell any definite currency at any specific price, but there is no obligation to do the same. These are widely used options by corporations to hedge against currency risks. The investors can hedge the currency risk, by either buying or selling the options in various ways. The price of currency option is calculated by numerous factors which includes the currencys present spot rate, the rate at which the currencies can be deposited in the banks, and the current level of volatility. The two main terms that is related with the cull option and the put option(Habib, Mileva Stracca 2017) The call option is a contract amongst the two parties that gives buyer a right to buy any commodity or any stock within a particular time. However, there is no obligation to buy the same. The put option gives buyer a right to sell any commodity, stock or bond within a particular time, but there is no obligation to do the same. It helps the investors in allocating their portfolios without any actual buy or sell. It helps them in hedging the currency risks that are associated with foreign exchange transaction. It helps them to get themselves covered in the stock exchange. Thus, options are widely used. It also helps in generating a large amount of revenues because of the covered call strategy. The investor does not only own the underlying security, but it also owning the right to sell the call option and exercise the put option effectively. It helps in getting an exposure for the stock in very less price. The only cost that the investor will bear will be the cost of the contract. Thus, many factors influence the overall pricing policy and the revenue that a contract may earn. Currency options are very volatile in nature and the major drawback that is associated with such options is that there is large-scale speculation involved, which often leads to loss. Hedging is important because there is a lot of uncertainty involved. The currency rates keeps on fluctuating and that causes a large amount of issues. It is therefore important to make use of the currency options in such a manner that it yields maximum return to the investors(Ahlip, Park Prodan 2017) 6.In the given case, each option consists of 50,000 Brazilian Real units. Thus total pay per option will be (50000*(0.41+0.004) = AUD 20700. Total amount that the company needs to pay the MNC is (20700*10= AUD207000) this is because total amount need is R$500,000, and each option consists of 50000 Brazilian real units, there 10 such options will be needed to cover the entire amount. Thus, the company would have to pay to the MNC, AUD 207,000. 7.The total amount needed by the company to buy R$500,000 will be (R$500,000*0.41) = 205000AUD. We will not consider the premium price because it is considered only while we purchase the option. 8.In case the bid is rejected, the company will exercise the bid only if the spot rate is less than the AUD 0.41. In case the spot rate is more than this, then the call cannot be exercised. The breakeven point is at AUD0.41. If the spot rate is AUD0.45, then purchase the currency at the spot rate of AUD0.41 and then sell it a profit in AUD0.45. Because the company is paying a premium of 0.004, then company can earn a profit of 0.396. The formula for profit calculation is, Profit = Spot Rate - (Strike Price + Premium).This is the way in which the company will exercise the call option in case the bid cannot be exercised. In any case, the loss will be the premium paid and the gain can be unlimited(Qi Xie 2016) Conclusion Thus after the entire analysis, it can be said that the concept of purchase power parity holds good more on paper then in real life scenario. The exchange rate ratio is affected by so many factors, thus the assumption that the purchasing price of a particular product will stay same in both the countries does not hold good. There is variety of other factors that is to be taken into consideration.(Brooks, Cuthbertson Mayes 2017) References Ahlip, R, Park, AFL Prodan, A 2017, 'Pricing currency options in the Heston/CIR double exponential jump-diffusion model', International Journal of Financial Engineering, vol 4, no. 1. Bergin, PR, Glick, R LinWu, J 2017, 'Conditional PPP and real exchange rate convergence in the euro area', Journal of International Money and Finance, vol 73, pp. 78-92. Brooks, S, Cuthbertson, K Mayes, DG 2017, The Exchange Rate Environment, Routledge., NewYork. Habib, MM, Mileva, E Stracca, L 2017, 'The real exchange rate and economic growth: Revisiting the case using external instruments', Journal of International Money and Finance, vol 73, pp. 386-398. Horioka, CY Ford, N 2017, 'A possible explanation of the Exchange Rate Disconnect Puzzle: a common solution to three macroeconomic puzzles?', Applied Economics Letters , vol 24, no. 3. Lin, L Lee, CI 2016, 'Central Bank Intervention, Exchange Rate Regime and the Purchasing Power Parity', The World Economy, vol 39, no. 8, pp. 1256-1274. Lothian, JR 2016, 'Purchasing power parity and the behavior of prices and nominal exchange rates across exchange-rate regimes', Journal of International Money and Finance, vol 69, pp. 5-21. Qi, H Xie, AY 2016, 'Cost of capital: spot rate or forward rate?', Applied Economics , vol 48, no. 40, pp. 3804-3811. Toulaboe, D 2017, 'Real exchange rate misalignment of Asian currencies', Asian Pacific Economic Literature, vol 31, no. 1, pp. 39-52. Yee, S Ramirez, DM 2016, 'Purchasing Power Parity: A Time Series Analysis of the U.S. and Mexico, 19952007', International Advances in Economic Research, vol 22, no. 4, pp. 409-419

Richard free essay sample

Explain why Edward IV’s death opened up such a bitter family feud in the weeks from 9th April to 26th June 1483 (12 marks) Edward IV, king of England, died suddenly and prematurely at Windsor castle – perhaps from a stroke, or peritonitis or even a chill caught while on a fishing trip – in April 1483 aged only 40 years. He had enjoyed a relatively successful reign, by the standards of the day, restoring peace after the disordered period of Lancastrian rule and providing his subjects with some much needed stability. Edward IV had been a strong king after 1471, able to control the rival noble factions, but his death opened up a destructive, disastrous Yorkist family feud. The throne should have passed smoothly to his son; Edward V. This however didn’t happen due to his brother, Richard duke of Gloucester wanting the power; Edward changed his will on his death bed so his wishes weren’t clear; his marriage to Elizabeth Woodville. We will write a custom essay sample on Richard or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page On his death a bitter family feud was started.Edward IV youngest brother, Richard, duke of Gloucester was powerful by himself due to Edward giving him lands in the north; this gave him power, men and was far away from court and London. Richard’s wife Anne Neville’s family owned large amounts of land and power in the north this passed on to Richard, making him stronger and wealthier. Richard could raise an army from his lands this threatened the Woodville family because Richard had the support of the north. He had no opponents with the north and made his own law.Richard also had the support of many nobles loyal to Edward because he had shown his loyalty through the war of the roses; Richard also showed his dedication to England by capturing Edinburgh from the scots. Richard also developed religious patronage, founding collegiate chapels at middle ham and Bernard castle. In 1475, Edward IV made his first will before he left England to fight the war against France. He arranged for his wife, Queen Elizabeth, to be one of eight counsellors chosen from the bishops and nobles, to rule for the king in a regency counsel.In his final days he amended the will. The details of these late changes are not known because the will has not survived. It isn’t clear whether Edward left the role of protector to his brother Richard, duke of Gloucester, and removed Queen Elizabeth’s name from the will. This amended will created tensions between the Woodville’s and Richard because if he had removed Elizabeth’s name from the will then Richard would be hated by the whole family for taking Elizabeth’s power and they would feel weak and threatened.However, Richard would have been threatened if Elizabeth was on the regency counsel then she would have power to choose who else would be on it, this would increase the Woodville’s power. Edward IV secretly married Elizabeth Woodville in 1464 without consulting either of his closest advisers, Warwick and Hastings. The marriage created problems because the Woodville family were seen as social climbers. They were resented by members of the established nobility.The family was unpleasant, arrogant, scheming, grasping and vengeful. In 1483, the Woodville fraction knew they were unpopular with many powerful enemies, especially Gloucester and Hastings. They resented Gloucester’s huge power base in the north and Hastings’ close friendship with the king. They also knew their particular strength, their close relationship with Prince Edward, and they would use the asset to prevent Gloucester from assuming the role of protector.Edward was arranged to marry bona of savoy, this led Richard to become embarrassed by the disrespect that Edward demonstrated by marrying a commoner rather than a political marriage to a daughter of French noble which would have joined the two countries together. Elizabeth Woodville’s family was common and had no social standing, after marrying Elizabeth; Edward had to give her family titles and wealth. There were many Woodville’s, therefore this left no land or wealth to be given to nobles, this annoyed them and resent the Woodville family.The power held by the Woo dville family threatened Richard and other nobles. On Edward IV’s death, a bitter family rivalry was opened, before Edwards’s death Richard and other powerful nobles had resented the Woodville family because Edward had raised them to nobles, by giving them lands and wealth. This alienated the established nobles, and made them feel threatened by the large Woodville family. The Woodville family was spread throughout England this threatened the nobles, however Richard, duke of Gloucester, had a strong power hold in the north and this threatened the Woodville family.The wishes of Edward in his will were never clear, this created factional rivalry between the Woodville’s and Gloucester as they had both been named in a will to support Edward V’s reign. The death of Edward left a power vacuum with a minor who could not rule alone therefore someone needed to take power, both Richard; duke of Gloucester and the Woodville family wanted the power. A power struggle, therefore revolved round two competing factions, Wo odville and Gloucester, each of whom feared that the other threatened political exclusion and ruin.

Heres What I Know About Good Landscape Ecology Essay Topics

Here's What I Know About Good Landscape Ecology Essay Topics In reality, our cognitive ability and knowledge of nature obliges us to keep the integrity of the surroundings. Therefore, the human life isn't exclusively controlled by his habitat and organic atmosphere. The bodily and mental wellness of a person depends greatly on their environment. There are lots of other aspects which are part of the definition of cultural landscape. Sustainable development is a process which reconciles industrial and industrial development with environmentally-friendly practices. Achieving each need contributes to the overall maturation of the person. Without a doubt, the economy finds many advantages in technological improvement. Investments are put forth on the grounds of expectation and with the role of generating profit. The Argument About Good Landscape Ecology Essay Topics The essay may also describe the source of the pollution issues. The overarching purpose of this program is to help develop the capacity to think as a landscape ecologist. The idea is the fact that it is also a great strategy to be somewhat much like a successful species or have sufficient dissimilarity. It is related to the science of ecology that is the study of the interactions between various species and their normal atmosphere. The Meaning of Good Landscape Ecology Essay Topics The focus is going to be on the aforementioned terms. Effecti ve advice can help you to continue to keep your terrific tree for a lengthier time. A specialist arborist will take all the essential measures to ensure the tree is handled with care. A specialist tree specialist will normally provide free counsel and estimates for tree work. Good Landscape Ecology Essay Topics Explained You must specify the form of your customized essay on pollution, page count, formatting and style requirements, along with deadline. The procedure is vetted by the board to see whether the topic is indeed hot', that it's appropriately evidence-based and it has a very clear policy implications. Such a shift is currently upon us right now. Another shift is recreational pursuits. Results demonstrate that SIBERIA and CAESAR-Lisflood produce erosion prices and patterns which are broadly similar. Pollution is a procedure of contaminating the surroundings in a manner it will become unsafe to use. The tree delivers direct and indirect life as it's the source of oxygen manufacturing, CO2 consumption and rainfall. By protecting large quantities of soil from one place, it prevents soil erosion. It reduces the mist and air pollution from the environment. In 1 acre, mature trees can offer oxygen to 18 people each year. Whispered Good Landscape Ecology Essay Topics Secrets It is very important to draft geography essays on the grounds of facts and news you collect. You cooperate with seasoned pollution essay professionals that are eager to assist you in your studies! There are lots of other fantastic conservation papers published in different journals, yet this list probably represents the key outlets. So far as the students are involved, writing a research paper is among the toughest and frustrating job in their opinion. Geography is an extensive subject, so there are a large number of topics. General instructions are exactly like those for the former essay. To start this assignment, look at the sections close to the conclusion of the majority of chapters in your text, entitled Applied Ecology,'' for background on a broad selection of these difficulties. Although the topics are endless, acquiring a notion may be hard. When it has to do with creating a fantastic PowerPoint presentation, selecting an intriguing topic can define your success. You may give examples of the topic that's being discussed. There are lots of argumentative essay examples on the web to help you in case you don't understand something.

The play Skellig Essay Example For Students

The play Skellig Essay I got the chance to watch the play Skellig at the Old Rep Theatre in Birmingham. The play is about Michael, a boy who has to cope with a house move, a newborn baby sister fighting for life and old Skellig, the ungrateful, arthritic tramp discovered in the garage of the new house who is also thought to be an angel. In this essay I will talk about how the actors used the stage, voice and movement to show the characters feelings and emotions throughout the play. The play begins with the familys first day at the house. The towering spiral of junk that depicts the house from basement to attic is used for every scene in the play. If looked at in detail, the spiral of junk wouldve included: an old freezer; piles of old newspapers and books; cardboard boxes; old furniture and ripped up clothes. The whole set was just dark browns, darks blues and dark greens which portrayed the gloom of the play. We will write a custom essay on The play Skellig specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The first one to enter the scene is Michael. Whilst he does a monologue that tells his story so far the rest of the cast pick up instruments to play the music and effects during the monologue. This perhaps portrays the closeness of the family on which the play is based because everyone is on stage at that part of the play. It added a contrast of cheerful music to the dark set and it also included the audience in the play. Michaels voice changes as he begins to talk about his sister. He speaks with a nervous tone of voice as he begins to move very carefully, suggesting perhaps that his sister needs very gentle care at the moment. His father tries to repair and clean the danger-filled garage as best he can which includes a horrible toilet. However, the garage is so wrecked that Michaels father warns him not to go inside. His tone of voice, at that moment, is louder but only shows an attempt to threaten his son and not to suggest that he has power over Michael because later on in the play Michael goes into the garage regardless of his fathers warning. When Skellig is introduced into the play, he is seen by Michael as a strange human-like creature that seems to have almost wasted away. Neal Foster (Skellig) spends most of the play sitting still to emphasise the severity of Skelligs arthritis. When Michael asks him what he is, he simply answers, Nothing. Absolutely nothing. He uses this answer to almost any question asked by Michael and he always expresses this line with stiffness and anger in his voice. This could also represent his arthritis condition. Michael decides to take care of Skellig and asks if there is anything he could do for him. Skellig demands aspirin and states two numbers, 27 and 53. Michael doesnt understand the meaning of he numbers but decides to help in any way he can. There is a big change in levels of the characters in the play. At the beginning of the play, when Skellig is vulnerable and in pain, he is always lower than any other character. Skellig gradually gets higher and at the end of the play, Skellig is the highest and therefore with more power over other characters. Later on in the play Michael meets a girl named Mina who lives next door. She is home schooled, and is very interested in nature and poems by William Blake. They become very close friends and Mina takes Michael to an abandoned house where a lot of owls live. The top of the towering spiral is used as the abandoned house. As Skellig becomes accustomed to and more tolerant of Michael, Michael decides to introduce him to Mina. They decide its best to move him into the abandoned house, due to the fact that Michaels father is going to tear down the garage in a matter of days. This is a very emotional scene, because for the first time Skellig is moved in the play and the audience understand his fear and pain. .u789fe207ba98f5eeec40fcd09bc67e73 , .u789fe207ba98f5eeec40fcd09bc67e73 .postImageUrl , .u789fe207ba98f5eeec40fcd09bc67e73 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u789fe207ba98f5eeec40fcd09bc67e73 , .u789fe207ba98f5eeec40fcd09bc67e73:hover , .u789fe207ba98f5eeec40fcd09bc67e73:visited , .u789fe207ba98f5eeec40fcd09bc67e73:active { border:0!important; } .u789fe207ba98f5eeec40fcd09bc67e73 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u789fe207ba98f5eeec40fcd09bc67e73 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u789fe207ba98f5eeec40fcd09bc67e73:active , .u789fe207ba98f5eeec40fcd09bc67e73:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u789fe207ba98f5eeec40fcd09bc67e73 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u789fe207ba98f5eeec40fcd09bc67e73 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u789fe207ba98f5eeec40fcd09bc67e73 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u789fe207ba98f5eeec40fcd09bc67e73 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u789fe207ba98f5eeec40fcd09bc67e73:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u789fe207ba98f5eeec40fcd09bc67e73 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u789fe207ba98f5eeec40fcd09bc67e73 .u789fe207ba98f5eeec40fcd09bc67e73-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u789fe207ba98f5eeec40fcd09bc67e73:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Act 4 Scene 1 is the dramatic climax to the play EssayMina is a very important character in the play and has a lot of impact on how the play progresses. At the first meeting with Michael, she is standing higher then him. However, during the play they change levels so that Michael is sometimes higher but at the end of the play they are on the same level.  Skellig begins to heal and become what would appear to be an angel. He gives Michael and Mina a mystical experience in which they can see ghostly wings sprouting from each others shoulder blades. The three walk in a circle holding hands and looking directly into each others eyes. This scene is based purely on mystery and religious imagery. Although we do not see any wings appear, both Michael and Mina say they can see each others wings which could suggest that they are imagining the wings or maybe angel wings would not be seen to the human eye. The final scene is the most emotional one. Michaels baby sister comes dangerously close to death. Her mother comes to stay at the hospital and prays. That night something mysterious happens and her mother dreamt of seeing a man come in and pick up the baby. She tells Michael and his father about what happened. Cross-cutting is the technique used in this scene to show the audience what happened in her dream. As the mother speaks of the dream, everyone else is silent and very still. Skellig makes all the movement and gestures Michaels mother describes. His facial expressions change from deep thinking to being happy for the baby girls survival. Skellig walks up on the top of the towering spiral in the middle of the stage and disappears from the scene. The flashback is over and Michael realizes Skellig was an angel.  In conclusion, the play Skellig is a very emotional play and the actors use voice to show the feelings of the characters. They use the stage to a full extent to show how Michael grows up throughout the events of meeting Skellig to having to choose between friends to receiving a pair of angel wings. Raw emotion contrasts with moments of great tenderness, and an audience of schoolchildren gave it noisy applause.

Learning About Language: The Basics With Norton Custom

Learning About Language: The Basics With Norton CustomNorton Custom The Citrus Guide to Reading and Writing take the reader on a journey of studying ancient and modern English. The book contains a number of lessons for students and teachers to help them master the language. The book focuses on a series of books that helps students with a system for translating Shakespeare, Proust, Homer, and more.The book provides three parts to the series, the study of translation from one language to another, the study of French and Spanish grammar, and the study of literature. The three lessons for learning the English language, the five-book set, and the method of helping students understand literature by applying this technique can help many people learn English. The book also features sections that assist in teaching students when they are having trouble reading and writing.The book also contains a glossary of literary terms, as well as a glossary of foreign words. A glossary of foreign words c an help learners understand the foreign word better when they don't know the English word. This is great to help students with a large vocabulary. An example of such a glossary is in the first lesson.The second lesson teaches the student how to add new vocabulary by utilizing words that are not familiar to them. In addition, the book also includes a glossary of terms for foreign learners, so that they have a reference book to use for the foreign word they learn. The lesson teaches the student how to add new vocabulary for students with small vocabularies.The final lesson teaches students the use of proper verbs and how to create sentences. Teachers and students can refer to this lesson every time they teach students how to create sentences. Students also need this lesson to help them learn to use the correct verbs when they are working on their writing skills.The book that comes with the book by Norton Custom isa CD. This CD contains the series of books by Norton Custom along with t he lessons from the CD. The CD is a complete way to learn from the beginning to the end. Students will learn the concepts and get a feel for the style of language that they will be learning.In addition, the learning process is done while the student is expanding their vocabulary as well as learning about the various kinds of verbs used. This keeps the learning interesting and exciting. The book can also be purchased on Amazon.com. This book is a good resource for students of all ages who want to know more about the English language.If you are looking for a book that offers a systematic approach to the different parts of the language, then this book is for you. It includes English exercises and lessons that help students to learn English language without having to do research and without having to spend much time on researching the language. It can be used by students and teachers and can help them improve their English language skills in no time.

Writing a Nor in College Essay

Writing a Nor in College EssayPreparing a Nor in College Essay can be tough. But remember that you are not alone! There are a lot of other Nor's out there on campus trying to figure out how to write their own.Although they may seem like a small and insignificant addition to the college essay, Nor's can make a huge difference in how the essay turns out. The thing about Nor's is that it gives your essay its own voice. In other words, it makes the essay seem like a one-man show that has something unique to say. So take the time to come up with an outline for this type of essay and you'll get there sooner than you think.Try to write from the point of view of your character in a different way. Let him explain what his or her thoughts and feelings are at a particular moment. Keep in mind that you should not get into a debate with yourself over whether or not to discuss something. Just try to identify the information and then present it in the best way possible.Write the essay in chronologi cal order instead of 'A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J'. This makes the essay appear more logical and less personal. Also, instead of describing events as if they were taking place in real time, try to describe them chronologically. Then, use the date and time format when writing your actual facts.If you are not sure what your topic should be, use your logic skills to form the main idea and then just present it in the most logical way, based on your knowledge and experience. In fact, using logic can help you develop your overall writing style and can help you get the job done faster.You should also consider the location that you are taking the essayto. If you are taking it to a class on a certain subject, make sure that you have a well-written paper that follows all of the rules of the classroom.Use this information as a guide and incorporate everything that you learned in writing a sample college essay. Use your experience to make it more impressive, but remember that your Nor in Colle ge Essay is a work of art and so it is important to do it right the first time.Keep in mind that Nor's make a big difference in how your essay turns out. Use this information as a guide and then go to work on the creation of your Nor in College Essay. Remember that everything you need to know is right there.

How Long Does the College Essay Needed to Be?

How Long Does the College Essay Needed to Be?When it comes to getting a college degree, the application and essay are one of the most important parts of that process. The essay is so important because it tells the whole story of your accomplishments and what you have achieved in your life. It's a great way to show people your worthiness for a certain degree, and your reasons for wanting that degree.If you are going to send out an essay for college admission, you should make sure it is easy to understand and easy to edit. Because most colleges won't be looking over your entire paper, you will want to write in a way that makes it easy for them to review.When it comes to how long does the college essay need to be, here are some tips. First, make sure you start writing on the first page of the paper. That way, you can give yourself some time to breathe and get comfortable with the basics before you go into the meat of the essay.Second, use a paragraph break or two when you are writing th e college essay. After you have finished a few sentences, you should go back and cover that part again. Don't put too much emphasis on what you have already said. This is your chance to go into detail, so don't cram everything down.Third, to make the college essay easier to read, wrap the whole thing up at the end. Don't rush the end and don't make it too short. Be sure to include the information that you have provided for the other parts of the essay.Lastly, when you're done with your college essay, make sure you also look at the paper to see how long it takes to write it. How long does it take you to write an essay that tells the whole story about you? This is a good opportunity to see how effective you are at writing and editing.As you can see, there are a few things to remember when it comes to writing your college essay. If you follow these tips, you will be able to get through the process much more easily and quickly.

The Chemical Reaction That Causes Rust

The Chemical Reaction That Causes Rust Rust is the common name for iron oxide. The most familiar form of rust is the reddish coating that forms flakes on iron and steel (Fe2O3), but rust also comes in other colors, including yellow, brown, orange, and even green! The different colors reflect various chemical compositions of rust. Rust specifically refers to oxides on iron or iron alloys, such as steel. Oxidation of other metals has other names. There is tarnish on silver and verdigris on copper, for example. The Chemical Reaction That Forms Rust Although rust is considered the result of an oxidation reaction, its worth noting not all iron oxides are rust. Rust forms when oxygen reacts with iron  but simply putting iron and oxygen together isnt sufficient. Although about 20 percent  of air consists of oxygen, rusting doesnt occur in dry air. It occurs in moist air and in water. Rust requires three chemicals to form: iron, oxygen, and water. iron water oxygen  Ã¢â€ â€™Ã‚  hydrated iron(III) oxide This is an example of an electrochemical reaction and corrosion. Two distinct electrochemical reactions occur: There is anodic dissolution or oxidation of iron going into aqueous (water) solution: 2Fe  Ã¢â€ â€™Ã‚  2Fe2  Ã‚  Ã‚  4e- Cathodic reduction of oxygen that is dissolved into water also occurs: O2  Ã‚   2H2O 4e-  Ã¢â€ â€™Ã‚  4OH-  Ã‚   The iron ion and the hydroxide ion react to form iron hydroxide:   2Fe2   4OH-  Ã‚  Ã¢â€ â€™Ã‚  2Fe(OH)2 The iron oxide reacts with oxygen to yield red rust, Fe2O3.H2O Because of the electrochemical nature of the reaction, dissolved electrolytes in water aid the reaction. Rust occurs more quickly in saltwater than in pure water, for example. Keep in mind oxygen gas, O2, is not the only source of oxygen in air or water. Carbon dioxide, CO2, also contains oxygen. Carbon dioxide and water react to form weak carbonic acid. Carbonic acid is a better electrolyte than pure water. As the acid attacks the iron, water breaks into hydrogen and oxygen. Free oxygen and dissolved iron form iron oxide, releasing electrons, which can flow to another part of the metal. Once rusting starts, it continues to corrode the metal. Preventing Rust Rust is brittle, fragile,  progressive, and weakens iron and steel. To protect iron and its alloys from rust, the surface needs to be separated from air and water. Coatings can be applied to iron. Stainless steel contains chromium, which forms an oxide, much like how iron forms rust. The difference is the chromium oxide does not flake away, so it forms a protective layer on the steel.